PRESENT PROGRESSIVE / CONTINUOUS

Presente continuo, explicación en español
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QHKR5e3J3zs

What is Mr. Bean doing?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDGcOBuHgYo


EXERCISES

VERB + ING

Explicación en video  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1UwR97CUYY

http://cerquella.com/bilingual/deploy/Unit4/grammar_1.html


Positive sentences

http://first-english.org/english_learning/english_tenses/present_progressive/01_present_progressive_exercises.htm

http://www.agendaweb.org/verbs/present-continuous/index.html

http://www.agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/present-continuous-2.htm

http://www.montsemorales.com/vocabulario/VerbsSpot1-4.htm

http://www.montsemorales.com/vocabulario/VerbsSpot1-4b.htm

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1083

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_progressive_statements_contracted.htm

Negative sentences

http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentContinuous1C.html

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_progressive_negation_contracted.htm

Questions

https://elt.oup.com/student/project3rdedition/level1/unit6/grammar/exercise4?cc=us&selLanguage=en

http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentContinuous1D.html

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/present_progressive2.htm

Mixed

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-progressive/form/exercises

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_progressive_mix2.htm

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-continuous-exercise-5.html

Simple Present

Vocabulario: Actividades diarias, video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tiXAWq852Ts


Preposiciones de tiempo, video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnB0qPMHKeA
Nota: ella dice "on the weekend" por que usa inglés americano, nosotros en el libro tenemos "at the weekend" por ser inglés británico. Todo lo demás es igual.


Explicaciones de las reglas gramaticales, video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3W3AZ5Zw0n0


Ejercicios:

http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentsimple/exercise2.swf

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=5398

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2272#a

http://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PresSimAffNeg.htm

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=24

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=714

http://www.my-english.edu.pl/index.php?id=10

http://www.englishlearner.com/beginner/present-simple-sentences-1.shtml

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=611

http://www.1-language.com/englishcourse/unit4_grammar_exs2.htm

Third Conditional

Third Conditional

 Refiere a una situación hipotética del pasado y se forma según la estructura : if + past perfect + conditional perfect. Aquí tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.

If clause	Main clause
If + Past Perfect tense	would/could/might + have + past participle
If I had won the lottery,	I would have traveled around the world.

• If I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world.
  Si yo hubiera ganado la lotería, habría viajado por todo el mundo.
• If I had seen him, I would have told him about you.
  Si lo hubiese visto, le habría contado acerca de ti.
• If I had known the answer, I would have raised my hand.
  Si hubiese sabido la respuesta, habría levantado mi mano.
• If she had come on Saturday, I would have seen her.
  Si ella hubiese venido el sábado, la habría visto.
• If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time.
  Si ellos hubiesen salido más temprano, habrían llegado a tiempo.
• If we had studied harder, we might have passed the test.
  Si hubiésemos estudiado más duro, podríamos haber aprobado la prueba.
• If you had gone to Brazil, you would have had lots of fun.
  Si tu hubieses ido a Brasil, habrías tenido mucha diversión.
• If I hadn't been so busy, I could have helped you.
  Si no hubiese estado tan ocupado, te podría haber ayudado.
• If you had phoned me, I would have known you were here.
  Si tu me hubieses telefoneado, habría sabido que estabas aquí.
• If they had invited us, we would have accepted at once.
  Si ellos nos hubiesen invitado, habríamos aceptado de inmediato.
• If she had explained me the problem, I would have understood it.
  Si ella me hubiese explicado el problema, lo habría entendido.
• If I hadn't forgotten his number, I would have phoned him.
  Si no hubiese olvidado su número, lo habría llamado.
• If it hadn't rained, we would have gone fishing.
  Si no hubiese llovido, habríamos ido a pescar.
• If my sister had been here, she would have enjoyed this.
  Si mi hermana hubiese estado aquí, habría disfrutado esto.
• If they hadn't drunk so much last night, they wouldn't have felt sick today.
  Si no hubiesen tomado tanto anoche, no se habrían sentido enfermos hoy.
• If he had worked more, he could have saved more money.
  Si él hubiese trabajado más, podría haver ahorrado más dinero.

http://www.shertonenglish.com/resources/es/conditionals/type3.php

Exercises

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/thirdconditional/exercise2.swf

http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/thirdconditional/exercise2.swf

http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/thirdconditional/exercise1.swf

http://www.better-english.com/grammar/con31.htm

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3233

CV & Job Interview

Samples

Questions for Interview

Antepresente

Pretérito perfecto compuesto

Pretérito pluscuamperfecto

Ante presente

Ante copretérito

Ejemplos:

Yo había leído esta historia antes de que tú me la contaras.

Cuando ellos supieron que estaba enferma, ya había muerto.

Para cuando se  enteraron del atentado  la bomba ya había explotado.

Estaba enfadado con su jefe que tan bueno había sido con él.

Cuando se enteraron de la fiesta ya había acabado.

(En la primera oración había leído, antes de que me lo contaras, en la segunda había muerto antes de que lo supieran, pero no se sabe cuanto tiempo ha transcurrido entre una y otra acción).

URL del artículo: http://www.ejemplode.com/12-clases_de_espanol/1845-ejemplo_de_verbos_en_antecopreterito.html

Lo he visto hoy.

Este año ha habido muy buenas cosechas.

Desde que llegaste no he podido respirar tranquilo un minuto.

Es para mí una satisfacción comunicarles que ayer mismo nuestros investigadores han llegado por fin a la resolución total del problema.

Grecia ha legado al mundo todas las bases de la cultura occidental.

Toda mi vida lo he creído un inútil, pero ayer me demostró su gran capacidad.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9jChNL15qKQ

Present Perfect Simple vs. Progressive

Adaptado de https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro

Form

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of irregular verbs Example: I / you / we / they have spoken he / she / it has spoken regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed Example: I / you / we / they have worked he / she / it has worked	form of 'have' + been + verb + ing   Example: I / you / we / they have been speaking he / she / it has been speaking
Exceptions
Exceptions when adding 'ed' : when the final letter is e, only add d Example: love - loved after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit - admitted final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - travelled after a consonant, final y becomes i (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - worried but: play - played	Exceptions when adding 'ing' : silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee) Example: come - coming aber: agree - agreeing after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: sit - sitting after a vowel, the final consonant l is doubled in British English (but not in American English). Example: travel - travelling final ie becomes y. Example: lie - lying

See also explanations on Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Progressive

Use

Both tenses are used to express that an action began in the past and is still going on or has just finished. In many cases, both forms are correct, but there is often a difference in meaning: We use the Present Perfect Simple mainly to express that an action is completed or to emphasise the result. We use the Present Perfect Progressive to emphasise the duration or continuous course of an action.

Ambos tiempos expresan una acción que inició en el pasado y aún continua o recién ha terminado, ambas formas son correctas pero frecuentemente existe diferencia en significado. Usamos el Present Perfect Simple principalmente para expresar que una acción ha concluido o para enfatizar el resultado. Usamos el Present Perfect Progressive para enfatizar la duración o el curso continuo de una acción.

Result or duration?

Do you want to express what has happened so far or how long an action has been going on?

¿Quieres expresar lo que ha pasado hasta ahora o por cuanto tiempo la acción ha estado sucediendo?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
Result (what / how much / how often) Resultado (qué/ cuánto(s)/ qué tan seguido) I have written 5 letters. / I have been to London twice.	Duration (how long) Duración (por cuánto tiempo) I have been writing for an hour.

Certain verbs

The following verbs are usually only used in Present Perfect Simple (not in the progressive form).

Los siguientes verbos suelen usarse sólo en forma simple.

• state: be, have (for possession only)
  Example: We have been on holiday for two weeks.
• senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch
  Example: He has touched the painting.
• brain work: believe, know, think, understand
  Example: I have known him for 3 years.

Emphasis on completion or duration?

Do you want to emphasise the completion of an action or its continuous course (how has somebody spent his time)?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
Emphasis on completion Énfasis en conclusión I have done my homework. (Meaning: My homework is completed now.) He realizado mi tarea = está terminada	Emphasis on duration Énfasis en duración I have been doing my homework. (Meaning: That's how I have spent my time. It does not matter whether the homework is completed now.) He estado haciendo mi tarea = así es como he pasado mi tiempo

Result or side effect?

Do you want to express that a completed action led to a desired result or that the action had an unwanted side effect?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
desired result Resultado deseado I have washed the car. (Result: The car is clean now.) He lavado mi auto (Resultado: el auto está limpio ahora)	unwanted side effect Resultado colateral no deseado Why are you so wet? - I have been washing the car. (side effect: I became wet when I was washing the car. It does not matter whether the car is clean now.) ¿Por qué estas tan mojado? -He estado lavando mi auto

Time + negation: last time or beginning of an action?

In negative sentences: Do you want to express how much time has past since the last time the action took place or since the beginning of the action?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
since the last time desde la última vez I haven't played that game for years. (Meaning: It's years ago that I last played that game.)	since the beginning desde el principio I haven't been playing that game for an hour, only for 10 minutes. (Meaning: It's not even an hour ago that I started to play that game.)

Permanent or temporary?

If an action is still going on and we want to express that it is a permanent situation, we would usually use the Present Perfect Simple. For temporary situations, we would prefer the Present Perfect Progressive. This is not a rule, however, only a tendency.

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
permanent permanente James has lived in this town for 10 years.(Meaning: He is a permanent resident of this town.) James ha vivido en este pueblo por diez años (es un residente permanente)	temporary temporal James has been living here for a year. (Meaning: This situation is only temporary. Maybe he is an exchange student and only here for one or two years.) James ha estado viviendo aquí por un año. (es algo temporal, no sabemos por cuanto tiempo más)

Signal words

Palabras clave

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
how often once, twice, ... times ever, never, always yet, already before so far, for, since	how long so far, for, since

Ejercicios

Resultado vs. Duración

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex02

Conclusión vs. Duración

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex04

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro/exercises?ex05

Mixtos

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfect-present-perfect-continuous-1.html

http://www.english-4u.de/pres_perf_ex3.htm

either / neither / so / too

In Positive Statements

1. Using 'So'

Grammar: So + auxiliary/modal verb + pronoun

Note:
We should pay attention to the verb tense used in the statement while choosing our auxiliary form.

Speaker A’s Statement	Speaker B
Celine is watching TV.	So am I.
Sam can speak French fluently.	So can I.
Terry has completed his master’s degree.	So has James.
His parents should be more responsible.	So should we.
Stephanie was so worried yesterday.	So was I.
Mary and Sam will join the chess club.	So will Jessica.
Nathan looks so confident.	So do I.

2. Using 'Too'

Grammar: Pronoun + auxiliary/modal verb + Too

Speaker A’s Statement	Speaker B
Celine is watching TV.	I am too.
Sam can speak French fluently.	I can too
Terry has completed his master’s degree.	James has too.
His parents should be more responsible.	We should too
Stephanie was so worried yesterday.	I was too
Mary and Sam will join the chess club.	Jessica will too
Nathan looks so confident.	I do too.

In Negative Statements

1. Using 'Neither / Nor'

Grammar: Neither (nor) + auxiliary/modal verb + pronoun

Speaker A’s Statement	Speaker B
Derek isn't sleeping.	Neither (nor) am I.
Sandra cannot play the guitar.	Neither (nor) can I.
Jennifer hasn't eaten her sandwich.	Neither (nor) has James.
They shouldn't complain.	Neither (nor) should we.
Stephanie was not worried at all.	Neither (nor) was her husband.
Mary and Sam won't attend the meeting.	Neither (nor) will I.
Dogs cannot fly.	Neither (nor) can cats.

Note:
Although there is a negative statement, we use a positive auxiliary form. Speaker A: He isn't guilty. Speaker B: Nor is Tom. (Not Nor isn't Tom.)

2. Using 'Either'

Grammar: Pronoun + auxiliary/modal verb + Either

Speaker A’s Statement	Speaker B
Derek isn't sleeping.	I am not either.
Sandra cannot play the guitar.	I can't either.
Jennifer hasn't eaten her sandwich.	James hasn't either.
They shouldn't complain.	We shouldn't either.
Stephanie was not worried at all.	Her husband wasn't either.
Mary and Sam won't attend the meeting.	I will not either.
Dogs cannot fly.	Cats can't either.

In Informal Interactions

When speaking or in less formal writings, regardless of tense, we can use “me too” and “me neither” in firt person.

All the following examples are acceptable

A: I have been studying a lot recently.
B: Me too.

A: He never attended the class regularly.
B: Me neither.

A: I haven't been feeling very well.
B: Me neither.

(taken from http://www.grammarbank.com/so-neither-either-too.html)

Explanations in video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QMDFEvKfq9k

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrEadEK8sd8

Examples:

Examples in video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esml6XQVjEo

Exercises:

http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl-too-either-neither1.html

http://www.grammarbank.com/so-neither-either-too-exercise.html

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=8034

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/so-too-neither-either-exercise-1.html

http://usefulenglish.ru/phrases/phrases-exercise-six

POEMS

POEMS

Walt Whitman: O Captain, My Captain!  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HSAymj4hp7Y


Maya Angelou: Caged Bird   http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/caged-bird-21/

Shakespeare: All the world´s a stage   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5hcaYEcAp0

Edgar Allan Poe: The Raven   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BjA3imaExw


John Keats: A Thing of Beauty   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fslmWgJj9RI


Robert Frost: The road not taken   http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-road-not-taken/

Proyecto Tercero

Composición Individual

Instrucciones

Imagina que estas de vacaciones en un destino interesante. Escribe un correo a un amigo, utiliza el siguiente plan.

20% Composición Individual	Si	Parcialmente	No
Cada pegunta guía es contestada de manera completa, lógica, creativa y comprensible.	6	3	0
Uso correcto del presente perfecto en al menos 8  oraciones	5	2.5	0
Uso adecuado de un amplio rango de vocabulario, complementos y expresiones de tiempo	3	1.5	0
Precisión gramatical en una variedad de tiempos y patrones lingüísticos	3	1.5	0
120-150 palabras en total	3	1.5	0
TOTAL

CONVERSACIÓN EN PAREJAS

Instrucciones

Tu y un amig@ están de vacaciones en destinos diferentes. Llama a tu amig@ por Skype, averigua cómo esta y qué ha hecho hasta ahora.

20% Conversación escrita sobre vacaciones	Si 4	Parcialmente 2	No 0
Conversación lógica y creativa sobre actividades vacacionales realizadas hasta el momento
Uso correcto del presente perfecto en al menos 6 preguntas o respuestas
Uso correcto del pasado simple en al menos 6 preguntas o respuestas
Uso de al menos 4 descripciones comparativas o superlativas
Uso adecuado de una variedad de  pronombre interrogativos (who, when, where, why, which, how, how long, how many times) en al menos 6 preguntas
TOTAL

20% Presentación Oral		Si - 4	Parcialmente - 2	No - 0
Rango de vocabulario	Demuestra suficiente vocabulario para expresar sus ideas
Precisión gramatical	Usa con razonable precisión una variedad de patrones y frases para una conversación sobre actividades realizadas hasta el momento
Control fonológico	Aun con acento extranjero, su pronunciación es clara y su entonación es adecuada
Preparación y fluidez	La presentación ha sido ensayada y se expresa de manera fluida y natural
Lenguaje corporal	El manejo de voz, lenguaje corporal y expresiones faciales son efectivos para una conversación
TOTAL
SUMA